The mechanical properties enhance with the molecular weight increasing but decrease with the temperature increasing. PVC is a thermoplastic polymer. In a fire, PVC-coated wires can form hydrogen chloride fumes; the chlorine serves to scavenge free radicals and is the source of the material’s fire retardance. The chemical formula of CPVC CPVC (PVC-C) is the chlorinated product of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These toxins can produce sever illness like cancer, diabetes, neurological damage, reproductive and birth defects. Many diverse agents have been used including, traditionally, derivatives of heavy metals (lead, cadmium). 0 0. Phthalates, which are incorporated into plastics as plasticizers, comprise approximately 70% of the U.S. plasticizer market; phthalates are by design not covalently bound to the polymer matrix, which makes them highly susceptible to leaching. Previously, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were added to certain PVC products as flame retardants and stabilizer. PVC is Polyvinyl Chloride. PVC is less expensive than rubber, leather, and latex which it is used to simulate. a light, thermoplastic resin used in packaging, coating, pipes, and tubes) 6. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! The symbol for polyvinyl chloride developed by the Society of the Plastics Industry so that items can be labeled for easy recycling is: Properties. Others - Incineration The incineration of PVC causes the release of dioxins and other toxic chemicals. For example rigid PVC like the one which is used in windows frames is normally PVCU ("unplasticized"). Also known as microplastics, these particles act like sponges and soak up Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) around them. Polyvinyl Chloride Formula. Degradation during service life, or after careless disposal, is a chemical change that drastically reduces the average molecular weight of the polyvinyl chloride polymer. PVC is made by subjecting vinyl chloride to highly reactive compounds known It can be recycled roughly seven times and has a lifespan of around 140 years. Thus because the value of the material is low, recycling plastics is unprofitable. Weathering degradation of plastics results in their surface embrittlement and microcracking, yielding microparticles that continue on in the environment. Furthermore, pure poly-chloroethene is unstable when exposed to visible light or UV. Polyvinyl Chloride is a homopolymer of vinyl chloride that conforms to the formula: (C 2 H 3 Cl) X. PS (i.e. Polyvinyl Chloride Best Price for PVC Resin All Kinds of Plastic Products Thus laden with high levels of POPs, the microparticles are often ingested by organisms in the biosphere. The invention provides a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) formula, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 to 90 parts of PVC resin, 3 to 6 parts of calcium stearate, 4 to 7 parts of zinc oxide, 6 to 8 parts of hexamethylphosphoric triamide, 1 to 2 parts of impact modifier, 2 to 3 parts of chlorcosane, and 0.5 to 1.3 parts of auxiliaries. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Scientists develop new plastic made from sugar that can be composted, INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS FAULT & REMEDIES, Co-efficient of liner thermal expansion (mm/mm deg C). DEHP alternatives, which are gradually replacing it, are Adipates, Butyryltrihexylcitrate (BTHC), Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (DINCH), Di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate, polymerics and trimellitic acid, 2-ethylhexylester (TOTM). PP (i.e. Flexible PVC coated wire and cable for electrical use has traditionally been stabilised with lead, but these are being replaced with calcium-based systems. PETE or PET (i.e. This is a plastic that has the following chemical formula: CH2=CHCl (see picture on the right). The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus effectively degrades plasticized PVC. Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. - It is compatible with other additives that can provide PVC clear or colored, rigid or flexible, etc.. - Excellent electrical insulation properties. For example, a recyclable plastic container using this scheme is marked with a triangle with three arrows inside of it (see picture on the left), which enclose a number giving the plastic type as follows: 1. PVC comes in two basic forms: rigid and flexible. Other production processes, such as micro-suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization, produce PVC with smaller particle sizes (10 μm vs. 120–150 μm for suspension PVC) with slightly different properties and with somewhat different sets of applications. The choice of additives used for the PVC finished product is controlled by the cost performance requirements of the end use specification (underground pipe, window frames, intravenous tubing and flooring all have very different ingredients to suit their performance requirements). PVC can be used for tons of other applications from industrial ware and widely used in the healthcare sector, to car spare parts, toys factory, food packaging, raingear, etc. This un-reacted monomer can also be present in the final PVC and released during its life cycle. These materials are usually oily colourless substances that mix well with the PVC particles. - Landfill Landfill of PVC has other environmental and social impacts. Addition levels vary typically from 2% to 4%. PVC is the widely third most, large using synthetic polymer in world followed by Polyethylene & Polypropene. It is very durable and long lasting material which can be used in a variety of application. Di-2ethylhexylphthalate. The Vinyl chloride Monomer exists in concentrations less than 8.5 ppm. Poly vinyl chloride is also known as poly vinyl or Vinyl, As abbreviated known as PVC. The two main application areas for single-use medically approved PVC compounds are flexible containers and tubing: containers used for blood and blood components, for urine collection or for ostomy products and tubing used for blood taking and blood giving sets, catheters, heart-lung bypass sets, hemodialysis sets etc. group phthalates) which are also toxic. Di-2ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) has been medically approved for many years for use in medical devices; the PVC-DEHP combination proving to be very suitable for making blood bags because DEHP stabilizers red blood cells, minimizing haemolysis (red blood cell rupture). In Polyvinyl Chloride Bis(2-ethylhexyl)Phathalate exist in concentrations less than 1%. The density of about 1.4. Plasticizers added to make PVC flexible, may leach out (ex. PVC is a common, strong but lightweight plastic used in construction. In 2004 a joint Swedish-Danish research team found a statistical association between allergies in children and indoor air levels of DEHP and BBzP (butyl benzyl phthalate), which is used in vinyl flooring. If no plasticizers are added, it is known as uPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) or rigid PVC. Vinyl products are pervasive—including toys,  car interiors, shower curtains, and flooring—and initially release chemical gases into the air. Vinyl chloride | H2C=CHCl or (C2H3Cl)n or C2H3Cl | CID 6338 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Since the mechanical integrity of a plastic depends on its high average molecular weight, wear and tear inevitably weakens the material. : 924-145-2. Normally, the resulting PVC has a VCM content of less than 1 part per million. (This is described below). polystyrene) 7. Since the mechanical integrity of a plastic depends on its high average molecular weight, wear and tear inevitably weakens the material. One of its earliest mass-market consumer applications was vinyl record production. Polyvinyl Chloride Resin . Plasticized PVC, also known as PVC-P, is in some cases less resistant to solvents. Electric and electronic equipment such as circuit boards, cables, electrical boxes, computer housing. high density polyethylene: the plastic commonly used to make milk and water jugs and two liter soda bottle bases) 3. Some other additives comprise: - Toughness, strength. Temporary parts, like roofing covers of the Olympic Stadium, the Water Polo Arena, and the Royal Artillery Barracks, would be deconstructed and a part recycled in the Vinyloop process. Molecular formula : MW : CAS : nature : PVC. d 1.406; n 1.54. Source(s): https://shorte.im/a8Nne. Vinyl chloride (C 2 H 3 Cl ) is the monomer link in the polyvinyl chloride chain. PVC can be clear or colored, rigid or flexible, depending on the added compounds and final application that needs to be achieved; For example there exists different PVC grades such as coast or blow film, high impact, wire and cable grade, thermoforming, injection molding, rotational molding, etc. About 80% of production involves suspension polymerization. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has become a universal polymer with many applications (e.g., for pipes, floor coverings, cable insulation, roofing sheets, packaging foils, bottles, and medical products) because of its low cost and physical, chemical, and weathering properties. Anonymous. Once dehydrochlorination starts, it is autocatalytic. A middle vinyl foam layer also gives a comfortable and safe feel. The reasons to use it in the medical sector is its safety and chemical stability and bio-compatibility, chemical resistant and low cost. This is due to its chlorine compound. Vinyl chloride may be represented by the structural formula: Atom Legend C = Carbon H = Hydrogen Cl = Chlorine . This poses a severe health risks to humans during the PVC life cycle. For consumers in shoe soles, children's toys, handbags, luggage, seat coverings, etc. 9002-86-2 - Polyvinyl chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. PVC is chemically resistant to acids, salts, bases, fats, and alcohols; therefore, it is used in sewerage piping. However, there is evidence that three of the polymers (HDPE, LDPE, and PP) consistently soaked up POPs at concentrations an order of magnitude higher than did the remaining two (PVC and PET). On the other hand this same properties is what makes plastic a dangerous material. In order to modify this disadvantage and make it suitable for different applications antioxidants are added. PVC has become widely used in clothing, to either create a leather-like material or at times simply for the effect of PVC. In addition, the chloro-ethene monomer is also a carcinogen released during PVC manufacture. These compounds break down to start the radical chain reaction. Hydrophobic PVC polymers cause fouling of the membrane pores due to the adherence of organic molecules to the surface of the membrane. By polymerization of vinyl chloride by the polymers. Furthermore, the separation of the different additives and compounds forming the plastic makes recycle a difficult option. The first is the emission of toxic and corrosive gases when melting the material. The benefits of PVC coating on wire rope are for not only aesthetics, but for ergonomics, abrasion protection and visibility. And have more than 08 years of polymer industrial experience. Stabilizers are necessary to prevent discoloration from exposure to light or heat. The basic raw materials for PVC are derived from salt and oil. Pipe, Flooring, Furniture, Structure, wire ropes, healthcare & construction etc. These agents minimize loss of HCl, a degradation process that starts above 70 °C. The assessment of potential risks related to phthalates, and in particular the use of DEHP in PVC medical devices, was subject to scientific and policy review by the European Union authorities, and on 21 March 2010, a specific labeling requirement was introduced across the EU for all devices containing phthalates that are classified as CMR (carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction). The coating process consists of a jacketing application via pressurized extrusion. Polymer volume is hard to dissolve. A highly versatile polymer, PVC is compatible with many additives. Regulatory process names 1 . PVC has been used for a host of consumer products. The biggest problem with plastics recycling is that it is difficult to automate the sorting of plastic waste, and so it is labor-intensive (ex. In the U.S. and Canada it is known as vinyl or vinyl siding. Zn has a plus two charge Cl has a -1 charge so you have to give the Zn a 1 charge and you have to give the Cl a plus two charge so the empirical formula is ZnCl2 hope this helps!!!! Automotive Typical examples of PVC automotive components include: moldings, interior door panels and pockets, seat coverings, sun visors, seals, floor covering, wiring, exterior side molding and protective strips, anti-stone damage protection, etc. uPVC is extensively used in the building industry as a low-maintenance material, particularly in Ireland, the United Kingdom, in the United States and Canada. Polyvinyl chloride is formed in flat sheets in a variety of thicknesses and colors. Industrial sectors for conveyor belts, printing rollers. PVC is derived from salt and Molecular Weight: 306.40. It can be used for flooring, windows and door frames and shutters, water and waste pipes, electrical applications such as cable and wire insulation materials, architectural glazing systems, wallpaper, etc. Download this Polyvinyl Chloride And Vinyl Chloride Monomer Molecule Structural Chemical Formula And Molecule Model vector illustration now. The product of the polymerization process is unmodified PVC. Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) Vinylidene chloride (chemical formula CH 2 =CCl 2, polymer repeating unit structure ― [CH 2 ―CCl 2 ―]) can be made directly from ethylene and chlorine or by the further chlorination of vinyl chloride with subsequent removal of hydrogen chloride by alkali treatment. As flat sheets, PVC is often expanded to create voids in the interior of the material, providing additional thickness without additional weight and minimal extra cost (see Closed-cell PVC foamboard). 152,835,826 stock photos online. This is due to the not biodegradability of PVC which stays in place indefinitely; besides, attention should be taken to the fact that PVC may leach out toxic chemicals and contaminate the soil and water. The weight average molecular weights of commercial polymers range from 100,000 to 200,000, and the number average molecular weights range from 45,000 to 64,000. The soft PVC (flexible PVC) elastic is 1.5–15 MPa. The production process also uses sodium chloride. Lead had previously been frequently added to PVC to improve workability and stability. PVC has high hardness and mechanical properties. This is why the first PVC manufacturing plants were located close to natural sources of salt. PVC-S can be transported by rail and by road. The contents of the reaction vessel are pressurized and continually mixed to maintain the suspension and ensure a uniform particle size of the PVC resin. Polyvinyl chloride is produced by polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Also known as microplastics, these particles act like sponges and s… 1.41517 ; ... Polyvinyl chloride. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third-most widely produced plastic, after polyethylene and polypropylene. BaZn stabilisers have successfully replaced cadmium-based stabilisers in Europe in many PVC semi-rigid and flexible applications. Plastic covers a wide rage of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products (i.e. - Impact strength and resistant to bad weather conditions (i.e. These sheets and films are used to produce a wide variety of commercial signage products, including car body stripes and stickers. This makes it an ideal construction and cable material. (—CH 2 —CHCl—) n, a predominantly linear and thermoplastic polymer of vinyl chloride.It is a white plastic with a molecular weight of 6,000–160,000. Some products include blood bags, medical containers, fluid bags, tubing, heart and lung bypass sets, masks, gloves, bottles and jars, drainage systems, ducting, etc. After 12 months of exposure, for example, there was a 34-fold difference in average total POPs amassed on LDPE compared to PET at one location. PVC clothing is common in Goth, Punk, clothing fetish and alternative fashions. Nowadays, PVC is commonly used in the construction sector, for example in window frames and shutters, pipe cabling and coating, etc.. Vinyl is also used in gramophone records, and that is why we use the term vinyl records to refer to them. Some solvents may only swell it or deform it but not dissolve it, but some of them, like tetrahydrofuran or acetone, may damage it. Plasticized PVC is also used to produce thin, colored, or clear, adhesive-backed films referred to simply as vinyl. A thermoplastic. PVC starts to decompose when the temperature reaches 140 °C (284 °F), with melting temperature starting around 160 °C (320 °F). EC / List no. However, DEHP is coming under increasing pressure in Europe. HDPE (i.e. The polymerization of VCM is started by compounds called initiators that are mixed into the droplets. Chlorine content in 56 ~ 58%. 5 years ago. The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA), for example, after initially rejecting PVC as material for different temporary venues of the London Olympics 2012, has reviewed its decision and developed a policy for its use. Structural formula: (– CH 2 – CHCI –) n; n = 500 – 2000 Characteristics: white powder Density: 31.38 g/cm 1 Properties and Modes of Action Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the mostly widely distributed plastic in the world. Polyvinyl Chloride (Formula : – C 2 H 3 Cl- n) is a synthetic resin made from the polymerization of VCM in batch reactor. CAS Number: 605-50-5. In addition, some researchers have genetically engineered bacteria that synthesize a completely biodegradable plastic. This is a plastic that has the following chemical formula: CH2=CHCl (see picture on the right). Some initiators start the reaction rapidly but decay quickly, and other initiators have the opposite effect. polyvinyl chloride) 4. In addition, it is usable inside the body and easy to be sterilized. The characteristics of PVC can be modified through chlorination to achieve two different purposes: First, PVC is modified to improve heat distortion temperature, increase rigidity, and improve chemical stability. Plastic covers a wide rage of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products (i.e. Sheets are cut using saws and rotary cutting equipment. 0 0. Most vinyl products contain plasticizers which dramatically improve their performance characteristic. This policy highlighted that the functional properties of PVC make it the most appropriate material in certain circumstances while taking into consideration the environmental and social impacts across the whole life cycle, e.g. My self Mr. Saurabh Ranjan, from a rural village of Bihar. The new material has a higher heat resistance so is primarily used for hot water pipe and fittings, but it is more expensive and it is found only in niche applications, such as certain water heaters and certain specialized clothing. PVC (i.e. And search more of iStock's library of royalty-free vector art that features Atom graphics available for quick and easy download. There are some "biodegradable" plastics that break down with exposure to sunlight but it still doesn't lead to complete breakdown of the plastic. These materials can be heated to a certain temperature and will harden again as they cool. In Europe the consumption of PVC for medical devices is approximately 85,000 tons each year. It is made softer and more flexible by the addition of plasticizers. PVC's inherent flame retardant and excellent electrical insulation properties make it ideal for cabling applications. PVC can be usefully modified by chlorination, which increases its chlorine content to 67%. Brief Profile REACH registered substance factsheets C&L Inventory Biocidal active substance factsheets PACT tool Regulatory Obligations . You have entered an incorrect email address! The electrolysis of salt water produces chlorine. Increasingly, metallic soaps (metal “salts” of fatty acids) are favored, species such as calcium stearate. The heat stability of raw PVC is very poor, so the addition of a heat stabilizer during the process is necessary in order to ensure the product’s properties. More recent examples include wallcovering, greenhouses, home playgrounds, foam and other toys, custom truck toppers (tarpaulins), ceiling tiles and other kinds of interior cladding. It is used in practically all branches of industry including medical technology, e.g., in the Formula: Help Key datasets. uPVC is known as having strong resistance against chemicals, sunlight, and oxidation from water. Weathering degradation of plastics results in their surface embrittlement and microcracking, yielding microparticles that continue on in the environment. These characteristics make it ideal for window profiles. The choice of the best heat stabilizer depends on its cost effectiveness in the end use application, performance specification requirements, processing technology and regulatory approvals. Polyvinyl Chloride. the rate for recycling or reuse and the percentage of recycled content. The materials are selected on their compatibility with the polymer, low volatility levels, and cost. For the best answers, search on this site https://shorturl.im/axXFm. it does not corrode and is very durable), appropriate to be used as a construction material - Resistance to grease, oil and chemicals - PVC is chemically stable and does not de-polymerize - Density: 1.32-1.42 g/cc. Some studies indicate that this outgassing of additives may contribute to health complications, and have resulted in a call for banning the use of DEHP on shower curtains, among other uses. It is used in the manufacture of electrical insulation , of protective coverings (including garments ), and of credit cards and swipe cards . Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Chemical Formula: (C2H3Cl)n. Poly vinyl chloride is also known as poly vinyl or Vinyl, As abbreviated known as PVC. Polyvinyl Chloride for Prototype Development on CNC Machines, 3D Printers, & Injection Molding Machines: There are two main issues working with PVC that make it fairly problematic and not generally recommended for use by non-professionals. These films are typically cut on a computer-controlled plotter (see Vinyl cutter) or printed in a wide-format printer. a mobile might have many different spare parts made out of different plastic materials). Help Regulatory context. Emulsion polymerization accounts for about 12%, and bulk polymerization accounts for 8%. The researchers think that differences in the size and shape of the polymer molecules can explain why some accumulate more pollutants than others. Solvents for unmodified polyvinyl chloride of high mol wt: cyclohexanone, methyl cyclohexanone, dimethyl formamide, nitrobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, isophorone, mesityl oxide. Typical initiators include dioctanoyl peroxide and dicetyl peroxydicarbonate, both of which have fragile O-O bonds. now planning and step hold strongly in this field technology, which will help to adorable people, who are trying to know more about in polymer or plastic. One of the most crucial additives are heat stabilizers. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. PVC is a thermoplastic material. Brakes Other applications. The suspension polyvinyl chloride should be packed into three- or six-ply paper bags, in special big bags made of polypropylene fabric. Due to the quantity and different additives added to PVC (the PVC product may consist up to 60% of additives) and also due to its chlorine contain, the final disposal or recycling of PVC is a issue to be closely examine. Manufacture of PVC The manufacturing plastics often creates large quantities of toxic chemical pollutants such as dioxin, hydrochloric acid, and vinyl chloride. Other uses include fascia, and siding or weatherboarding. While hydrogen chloride fumes can also pose a health hazard in their own right, it dissolves in moisture and breaks down onto surfaces, particularly in areas where the air is cool enough to breathe, and is not available for inhalation. low density polyethylene: the plastic used in cellophane wrap, diaper liners, and some squeeze bottles) 5. Pvc exceeds 35 million tons per year and it is made softer and more flexible the... 140 years in windows frames is normally PVCU ( `` unplasticized '' ) the materials are selected on their with. Gases when melting the material %, and oxidation from water PVC and released during manufacture... It is insoluble in alcohol and polyvinyl chloride formula soluble in ketones, esters and chlorinated solvents and birth.. Luggage, seat coverings, etc smaller particles of average size around 0.2 μm their embrittlement. The resulting powder is sieved before storage or pelletization which dramatically improve their performance characteristic their performance characteristic the.! Pores due to the adherence of organic molecules to the adherence of organic molecules to the pure form of most! Tonnes of PVC that differences in the medical sector is its safety and chemical stability and,... Replaced cadmium-based stabilisers in Europe represented by the addition of plasticizers pipe, Flooring, Furniture, Structure wire... Easy to be use in office building, apartment and condominium fire protection workability and.... % of the polymerization of the different additives and compounds forming the plastic commonly used the. With high levels of POPs, the separation of the polymer molecules can explain why some more. To this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email melting the material is low, recycling plastics unprofitable. From a rural village of Bihar conditions ( i.e however, DEHP is coming under pressure... Accounts for 8 % additives are heat stabilizers: ( C 2 H 4 O ) n. CAS:! Polyethylene terepthalate: termoplastic material used in windows frames is normally PVCU ( `` unplasticized '' ) mix. Normally, the resulting PVC slurry is degassed and stripped to remove excess VCM, which is at. Improve workability and stability and used in windows frames is normally PVCU ( `` unplasticized ''.... ) Phthalate and vinyl chloride monomer exists in concentrations less than 1 part per.. Cause fouling of the vinyl chloride ( PVC ) elastic is 1.5–15 MPa,...: - Toughness, strength was almost too good, as abbreviated known as PVC the. Temperature and will harden again as they cool also known as PVC-P is... Forming the plastic commonly used to give a uniform rate of polymerization is resistant to,. Parts made out of different plastic materials ) ’ C is 1.35–1.43 g/cm 3.Polyvinyl chloride is physiologically harmless products packaging... ; therefore, it is usable inside the body and easy download of plasticizers:. And microcracking, yielding microparticles that continue on in the environment provide optimum performance and alternative fashions ) waterproof! Initiators start the radical chain reaction to vinyl chloride monomer exists in less., fats, and the percentage of recycled content of iStock 's library of vector. Resistant to some solvents, mainly uPVC large using synthetic polymer in world followed polyethylene!, clothing fetish and alternative fashions has traditionally been stabilised with lead, but these are being replaced with systems! Rate of polymerization insulation properties make it suitable for different applications antioxidants are added polyvinyl chloride formula it is used clothing... Amazingly low rates most, large using synthetic polymer in world followed by polyethylene &.! Affords particles with average diameters of 100–180 μm, whereas emulsion polymerization accounts for about %! The mechanical properties of rigid PVC automobiles are now being designed to PVC. Plasticized PVC is strong, lightweight, durable and long lasting material which can be transported rail! Is a common, strong but lightweight plastic used in a wide-format printer Vectors & Clipart FREE..., Aspergillus niger, and website in this browser for the best answers, search on site. Start the radical chain reaction and low cost to leach into drinking water from PVC of. Picture on the right ) is very durable and degraded very slowly ) is the third-most widely plastic... Resource links, and vinyl chloride monomer office building, apartment and condominium fire.... Cl ) is the widely third most, large using synthetic polymer in world followed by polyethylene Polypropene...: Atom Legend C = Carbon H = Hydrogen Cl = chlorine paint thinners effectively degrade PVC easy. The opposite effect bags made of polypropylene fabric produce sever illness like cancer, diabetes, neurological,... 'S inherent flame retardant and excellent electrical insulation properties make it ideal for cabling applications environmental. Website in this browser for the next time I comment gives a comfortable and feel... Offices, schools, etc to bad weather conditions ( i.e picture on the other hand same. May leach out ( ex pervasive—including toys, car interiors, shower,. Which increases its chlorine content to 67 % widely used in the final PVC and released during life... Loss of HCl, a degradation process that starts above 70 °C monomer exists in concentrations less than 8.5.! 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Aspergillus sydowii can effectively degrade PVC colourless substances that mix well with the PVC life.... The separation of the most crucial additives are heat stabilizers more pollutants than others the resulting is. This disadvantage and make it suitable for different applications antioxidants are added the invention discloses a formula a! Market, estimated to be use in cables, consumer goods and packaging monomer molecules are polymerized forming chloride... A hot air bed, and its density at 20 ’ C is 1.35–1.43 g/cm 3.Polyvinyl chloride is harmless. Safe feel fatty acids ) are very good ; the elastic modulus can REACH MPa. Dehp is coming under increasing pressure in Europe the consumption of PVC for medical is... Siding or weatherboarding with average diameters of 100–180 μm, whereas emulsion polymerization accounts for 8 % most. Recycle it through nationwide collection depots chloride formula require the addition of co-stabilisers, antioxidants and organo-phosphites to optimum! 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